Driving Socialpreneurship and Diving into Digital Transformation to Enhance Donation Intentions in Indonesia

Theodorus Sendjaja; Didik J. Rachbini; Rina Astini; Daru Asih

doi:10.34306/att.v7i3.678

Authors

Theodorus Sendjaja Mercu Buana University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1239-6666
Didik J. Rachbini Mercu Buana University https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0082-9466
Rina Astini Mercu Buana University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-4640
Daru Asih Mercu Buana University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1764-7439

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34306/att.v7i3.678

Keywords:

Catholic Church, Digital Donation, Digital Transformation, Intention, Technology Acceptance Model

Abstract

This study investigates how digital transformation within the Catholic Church in Indonesia can enhance digital donation intentions by analyzing the influence of trust, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, perceived risk, and perceived security on attitudes and engagement toward technology acceptance. Employing a quantitative design with an explanatory and cross-sectional approach, data were gathered from 100 respondents across 10 archdioceses in Indonesia using stratified random sampling. The analysis was carried out using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the relationships between the variables. The findings reveal significant effects of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, perceived risk, attitude, and engagement on digital donation intention. These results offer practical insights into improving donation practices and accelerating digital transformation within the Catholic Church in Indonesia. This study further proposes a novel conceptual framework that integrates trust, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, perceived risk, and perceived security to explain attitudes and engagement in digital donations. This model expands the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by incorporating additional factors relevant to donation behavior. Moreover, the study addresses a gap in the literature by highlighting the decline in QRIS adoption following the COVID-19 pandemic-an issue rarely discussed in prior donation studies. Digital donations in this context are also positioned as part of a broader social entrepreneurship movement that leverages technology to foster community involvement and ensure the financial sustainability of religious institutions.

References

D. Laksmidewi and R. A. Gunawan, “Advertising messages framing to encourage indonesian young millennial consumers’ intention of environmental-cause donations,” Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 455–464, 2022.

X. Li and L. Feng, “Impact of donors’ financial fairness perception on donation intention in nonprofit organizations after covid-19 outbreak,” PloS one, vol. 16, no. 6, p. e0251991, 2021.

P. Lakonawa, K. Meneses, P. H. Witono, K. Kristan, J. Jodis, S. M. Tampubolon, and J. Siallagan, “Catholic church’s mitigating responses to the covid-19 pandemic globally and in indonesia,” in E3S Web of Conferences, vol. 464. EDP Sciences, 2023, p. 03001.

S. Aguilar-Herreras and C. F. Libaque-Saenz, “Factors driving nfc-based mobile payment adoption: the case of peru,” Issues in Information Systems, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 55–69, 2023.

A. A. Al-Qudah, M. Al-Okaily, F. S. Shiyyab, A. A. Taha, D. A. Almajali, R. Masa’deh, and L. H. Warrad, “Determinants of digital payment adoption among generation z: An empirical study,” Journal of Risk and Financial Management, vol. 17, no. 11, p. 521, 2024.

I. Moumtzidis, M. Kamariotou, and F. Kitsios, “Digital transformation strategies enabled by internet of things and big data analytics: The use-case of telecommunication companies in greece,” Information, vol. 13, no. 4, p. 196, 2022.

H. M. Aji, “The power of storytelling in influencing social crowdfunding intention: A case of a non-profit organization in indonesia,” Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, pp. 1–25, 2024.

F. D. Davis, “Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology,” MIS quarterly, pp. 319–340, 1989.

V. Venkatesh, M. G. Morris, G. B. Davis, and F. D. Davis, “User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view,” MIS quarterly, pp. 425–478, 2003.

N. Alim, M. A. Hudain, J. Jamaluddin, A. Usman, and S. Syahruddin, “Unlocking sports tourism potential in pangkep regency through strategic development and community engagement,” Journal La Bisecoman, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 475–492, 2024.

D. Marikyan, S. Papagiannidis, and G. Stewart, “Technology acceptance research: Meta-analysis,” Journal of Information Science, p. 01655515231191177, 2023.

A. Gunawan, A. F. Fatikasari, and S. A. Putri, “The effect of using cashless (qris) on daily payment transactions using the technology acceptance model,” Procedia Computer Science, vol. 227, pp. 548–556, 2023.

S. Balaskas, A. Panagiotarou, and M. Rigou, “Impact of personality traits on small charitable donations: The role of altruism and attitude towards an advertisement,” Societies, vol. 13, no. 6, p. 144, 2023.

T. Hou, K. Hou, X. Wang, and X. R. Luo, “Why i give money to unknown people? an investigation of online donation and forwarding intention,” Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, vol. 47, p. 101055, 2021.

P. Futterknecht and T. Hertfelder, “Deep diving into innovation strategy development,” in Data, Disruption & Digital Leadership: How to Win the Innovation Game. Springer, 2023, pp. 115–141.

Y. Zheng, “Using mobile donation to promote international fundraising: A situational technology acceptance model,” International Journal of Strategic Communication, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 73–88, 2020.

B. Florenthal, M. Awad, and S. Godar, “Nonprofits meet millennials: a hybrid approach of uses and gratifications and tam to identify the drivers of monetary donation intention,” Young Consumers, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 435–449, 2020.

Y. Palumian, S. C. K. Jayanti, R. Indriyani, and Z. Tarigan, “Technology acceptance model for online cinema ticketing among moviegoers in java island indonesia: an empirical study on tix id application,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1010, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2021, p. 012037.

S. Hartono, Y. Ramli, R. Astini, C. C. Widayati, A. J. Ali et al., “The clinical information system that effects the patients’ satisfaction of the healthcare services,” Jurnal Manajemen, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 1–22, 2024.

M. S. M. Daud, H. Wahid, and M. A. M. Noor, “The influences of attitude, religiosity, and subjective norm on muslim’s donation intention during covid-19 lockdown in malaysia,” International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 915–923, 2022.

M. Mailizar, D. Burg, and S. Maulina, “Examining university students’ behavioural intention to use e-learning during the covid-19 pandemic: An extended tam model,” Education and information technologies, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 7057–7077, 2021.

R. D. Putera and A. Suzianti, “Factors influencing the use of donation-based crowdfunding platforms in indonesia and the development strategies,” in Proceedings of International Conference on Research in Education and Science, vol. 1, 2023, pp. 1539–1566.

S. Savas-Hall, P. S. Koku, and T. Mangleburg, “Really new services: perceived risk and adoption intentions,” Services Marketing Quarterly, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 485–503, 2022.

H. Siagian, Z. J. H. Tarigan, S. R. Basana, and R. Basuki, “The effect of perceived security, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness on consumer behavioral intention through trust in digital payment platform,” Ph.D. dissertation, Petra Christian University, 2022.

P. GUPTA and D. R. HAKHU, “Impact of perceived security and perceived trust on intention to use digital payments–a study on indian customers,” Webology (ISSN: 1735-188X), vol. 18, no. 6, 2021.

L. Chen, F. Luo, W. He, H. Zhao, and L. Pan, “A study on the influencing factors of the public’s willingness to donate funds for critical illness crowdfunding projects on network platforms,” PloS one, vol. 17, no. 3, p. e0263706, 2022.

C. Calvo-Porral and R. Pesqueira-Sanchez, “Does the use of technology create technology engagement? comparing three structural models,” Spanish journal of marketing-ESIC, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 385–404, 2022.

A. Afandi, A. Amalia, and S. Amsari, “Digital marketing transformation in increasing fundraising at islamic philanthropic institutions,” Research Horizon, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 361–372, 2025.

S. Wijono, U. Rahardja, H. D. Purnomo, N. Lutfiani, and N. A. Yusuf, “Leveraging machine learning models to enhance startup collaboration and drive technopreneurship,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 432–442, 2024.

H. L. O’Brien, I. Roll, A. Kampen, and N. Davoudi, “Rethinking (dis) engagement in human-computer interaction,” Computers in human behavior, vol. 128, p. 107109, 2022.

H. L. O’Brien and E. G. Toms, “What is user engagement? a conceptual framework for defining user engagement with technology,” Journal of the American society for Information Science and Technology, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 938–955, 2008.

D. R. Rahman, N. Zahra, S. Awaliyah, and K. Ridho, “Analysis of electronic donations on the revolution of social behavior in charitable interests in the digital era,” Edusoshum: Journal of Islamic Education and Social Humanities, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 266–273, 2024.

E. P. Lestari, S. D. W. Prajanti, F. Adzim, E. Primayesa, M. I. A.-B. Ismail, and S. L. Lase, “Understanding technopreneurship in agricultural e-marketplaces,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 369–389, 2024.

S. Chung and N. Hair, “The adverse effects of mobile devices on willingness to donate and online fundraising outcomes,” International Journal of Advertising, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 1343–1365, 2021.

U. Rahardja, A. Sari, A. H. Alsalamy, S. Askar, A. H. R. Alawadi, and B. Abdullaeva, “Tribological properties assessment of metallic glasses through a genetic algorithm-optimized machine learning model,” Metals and Materials International, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 745–755, 2024.

R. ASTINI, Y. HARWANI, and M. SOELTON, “Insights into understanding sustainable marketing management,” in ICCD, vol. 4, no. 1, 2022, pp. 244–249.

Y. Shi and C. Wu, “The influencing factor model and empirical research of tiktok charity live streaming impact users’ online charitable donation,” Plos one, vol. 18, no. 11, p. e0294186, 2023.

R. Aprianto, R. Haris, A. Williams, H. Agustian, and N. Aptwell, “Social influence on ai-driven air quality monitoring adoption: Smartpls analysis,” Sundara Advanced Research on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 28–36, 2025.

Y. Haji-Othman and M. S. S. Yusuff, “Assessing reliability and validity of attitude construct using partial least squares structural equation modeling,” Int J Acad Res Bus Soc Sci, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 378–385, 2022.

S. Watini, “New design of tv sekolah prototype as innovative learning media for early childhood education,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 93–104, 2025.

N. Huda, B. Trianto, and N. Maskuroh, “Intention to donate in green waqf among muslim community: Indonesian case,” Journal of Islamic Marketing, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 736–758, 2025.

A. Jose, J. George, and M. A. P. Mathews, “Innovation into implementation: A deep dive into digital evolution,” DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (UG), p. 39, 2024.

K. M. White, L. C. Starfelt Sutton, and X. Zhao, “Charitable donations and the theory of planned behaviour: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Plos one, vol. 18, no. 5, p. e0286053, 2023.

A. S. Rohmania, E. Sholihah, and R. Nurhapsari, “Developing islamic financial literacy in improving islamic financial behavior towards the financial well-being of msmes: The moderating effect of e-payment usage,” Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 293–310, 2023.

F. H. Abd Rahman, H. Amiruddin, M. F. B. Abdollah, N. W. Mohd Zulkifli, S. Samion, N. Umehara, M. Tanemura, M. Honda, and A. Morina, “Synthesising graphene with renewably-sourced bio-carbon precursors: a brief review,” Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, vol. 46, no. 3, p. 173, 2024.

Secretariat Cabinet of the Republic of Indonesia (Setkab), “Digital Transformation Realizes Digital Sovereignty and Independence, President Jokowi Says,” 2024, accessed on: June 2, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://setkab.go.id/en/digital-transformation-realizes-digital-sovereignty-and-independence-president-jokowi-says/

T. Sendjaja, D. J. Rachbini, R. Astini, and D. Asih, “The effectiveness of qris transaction implementation during the covid-19 pandemic,” Int. J. Sci. Soc, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 871–878, 2023.

B. E. Sibarani, C. Anggreani, B. Artasya, and D. A. P. Harahap, “Unraveling the impact of self-efficacy, computer anxiety, trait anxiety, and cognitive distortions on learning mind your own business: The student perspective,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 29–40, 2024.

V. Mato-Santiso, M. Rey-Garc´ıa, and M. J. Sanzo-P´erez, “Managing multi-stakeholder relationships in nonprofit organizations through multiple channels: A systematic review and research agenda for enhancing stakeholder relationship marketing,” Public Relations Review, vol. 47, no. 4, p. 102074, 2021.

A. W. A. Manaf, W. H. Siong, and H. A. Razak, “Legal barriers and opportunities in the digital transformation of waqf management in malaysia: A critical analysis,” AZKA International Journal of Zakat & Social Finance, pp. 137–157, 2025.

Ministry of Communication and Informatics of Indonesia, “Treading Digital Transformation Path: The MCI and the Road to Golden Indonesia 2045,” 2024, accessed on: June 2, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://indonesia.go.id/kategori/editorial/8639/treading-digital-transformation-path-the-mci-and-the-road-to-golden-indonesia-2045?lang=2

T. Sendjaja, D. J. Rachbini, R. Astini, and D. Asih, “Beyond branches: How fintech and sustainable innovation are reshaping the banking landscape in indonesia,” Applied Business and Administration Journal, vol. 3, no. 03, pp. 67–78, 2024.

E. C.-X. Aw, S. Thomas, R. Patel, V. Bhatt, and T.-H. Cham, “Click to contribute: understanding donation behaviour and well-being in donation-based crowdfunding mobile apps,” International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 1835–1866, 2024.

A. A. V˘arzaru, “Assessing digital transformation acceptance in public organizations’ marketing,” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 265, 2022.