Enhancing Entrepreneurial Competencies and Student Engagement through Gamification in Learning Management Systems
Article Sidebar
-
Gamification, Student Engagement, Learning Management System, Motivation, Academic Performance
Abstract
This study addresses the growing need for innovative strategies to enhance student engagement in digital learning environments by investigating the effects of gamification on student motivation and academic performance within Learning Management Systems (LMS). Despite its increasing adoption, the long-term impact of gamification on learning outcomes remains underexplored, particularly in structured educational settings. Using an experimental design, students were divided into two groups: the experimental group, which used a gamified LMS, and the control group, which used a traditional LMS. Results indicated that the experimental group exhibited significantly higher engagement levels (85%) compared to the control group (62%) and spent, on average, 30% more time on the LMS. Participation in optional activities was 40% higher in the gamified group. Motivation analysis revealed increased intrinsic motivation (72%) and extrinsic motivation (78%) among the experimental group, supported by features such as points and badges. Academic performance improvements were also evident, with the experimental group achieving 10% higher final exam scores and a 15% higher assignment completion rate. While findings suggest that gamification enhances student engagement and learning outcomes, feedback on competitive elements like leaderboards highlights the need for careful design considerations to balance motivation and inclusivity. This study provides empirical insights into the effectiveness of gamification as a scalable and adaptive strategy for enhancing digital education, informing future developments in educational technology.
Full text article
References
D. Anurogo, H. La Ramba, N. D. Putri, and U. M. P. Putri, “Digital literacy 5.0 to enhance multicultural education,” Multicultural Islamic Education Review, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 109–179, 2023.
P. S. Muljana, C. S. Dabas, and T. Luo, “Examining the relationships among self-regulated learning, homework timeliness, and course achievement: a context of female students learning quantitative topics,” Journal of Research on Technology in Education, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 143–162, 2023.
R. Rohan, D. Pal, S. Funilkul, W. Chutimaskul, and W. Eamsinvattana, “How gamification leads to continued usage of moocs? a theoretical perspective,” Ieee Access, vol. 9, pp. 108 144–108 161, 2021.
D. T. K. NG and W. S. Y. HO, “Teaching creatively: Case studies with synchronous english, mathematics and music learning in a summer programme,” Journal of Communication and Education, vol. 5, no. 1, 2021.
D. Anderson, “Impact of gamification in an online rn to bsn program,” A-State Research & Creativity Hub, 2024.
D. John, N. Hussin, M. K. Zaini, D. S. Ametefe, A. A. Aliu, and A. Caliskan, “Gamification equilibrium: the fulcrum for balanced intrinsic motivation and extrinsic rewards in learning systems: immersive gamification in muhamad khairulnizam zainilearning system,” International Journal of Serious Games, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 83–116, 2023.
R. F. Nevizond, U. Rahardja, N. P. L. Santoso, S. Purnama, and W. Y. Prihastiwi, “Collaboration blockchain technology and gamification in ilearning systems,” Sci. J. Informatics, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 213–221, 2021.
F. S. Al-Hafdi and W. S. Alhalafawy, “Ten years of gamification-based learning: A bibliometric analysis and systematic review.” International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, vol. 18, no. 7, 2024.
S. Karagiannis, “Systematic design, deployment and evaluation of gamified cybersecurity learning environments,” Ph.D. dissertation, Ionian University, Greece, 2022.
P. Luarn, C.-C. Chen, and Y.-P. Chiu, “Enhancing intrinsic learning motivation through gamification: a self-determination theory perspective,” The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 413–424, 2023.
S. Ahmad, S. Umirzakova, G. Mujtaba, M. S. Amin, and T. Whangbo, “Education 5.0: requirements, enabling technologies, and future directions,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.15846, 2023.
T. Freire, K. Gissubel, D. Tavares, and A. Teixeira, “Flow experience in human development: Understanding optimal functioning along the lifespan,” Advances in flow research, pp. 323–349, 2021.
R. Liu, L. Zhang, Z. Cao, and J. Mi, “Influence of gamification affordance on young citizens’ motivation and learning performance toward digital civic education,” Journal of Chinese Governance, pp. 1–35, 2024.
Y.-T. Huang and T.-H. Wang, “Effect of integrating gamified teaching activities on learning emotions of design students with different learning styles,” Interactive Learning Environments, pp. 1–21, 2024.
A. Bauman and C. Lucy, “Enhancing entrepreneurial education: Developing competencies for success,” The International Journal of Management Education, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 100293, 2021.
M. M. Amin, S. N. W. Shamsuddin, and W. Hamzah, “Enhancing engagement in learning management systems using gamification framework,” The International Journal of Multimedia & Its Applications, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 21–31, 2024.
Y. Lv, Y. Chen, Y. Sha, J. Wang, L. An, T. Chen, X. Huang, Y. Huang, and L. Huang, “How entrepreneurship education at universities influences entrepreneurial intention: Mediating effect based on entrepreneurial competence,” Frontiers in psychology, vol. 12, p. 655868, 2021.
H. E. Sari, B. Tumanggor, and D. Efron, “Improving educational outcomes through adaptive learning systems using ai,” International Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 21–31, 2024.
M. N. Sakib, M. R. Rabbani, I. T. Hawaldar, M. A. Jabber, J. Hossain, and M. Sahabuddin, “Entrepreneurial competencies and smes’ performance in a developing economy,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 20, p. 13643, 2022.
D. Zhao, J. Playfoot, C. De Nicola, G. Guarino, M. Bratu, F. Di Salvadore, and G.-M. Muntean, “An innovative multi-layer gamification framework for improved stem learning experience,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 3879–3889, 2021.
P. Veluvali and J. Surisetti, “Learning management system for greater learner engagement in higher education—a review,” Higher Education for the Future, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 107–121, 2022.
M. Saini, E. Sengupta, M. Singh, H. Singh, and J. Singh, “Sustainable development goal for quality education (sdg 4): A study on sdg 4 to extract the pattern of association among the indicators of sdg 4 employing a genetic algorithm,” Education and Information Technologies, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 2031–2069, 2023.
United Nations, “Sustainable development goals,” 2024. [Online]. Available: https://sdgs.un.org/goals
A. S. Ibidunni, O. M. Ogundana, and A. Okonkwo, “Entrepreneurial competencies and the performance of informal smes: The contingent role of business environment,” in Entrepreneurship and the Informal Sector. Routledge, 2022, pp. 28–50.
T. K. Chiu, “Applying the self-determination theory (sdt) to explain student engagement in online learning during the covid-19 pandemic,” Journal of Research on Technology in Education, vol. 54, no. sup1, pp. S14–S30, 2022.
M. Hardini, Q. Aini, U. Rahardja, R. D. Izzaty, and A. Faturahman, “Ontology of education using blockchain: Time based protocol,” in 2020 2nd International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS). IEEE, 2020, pp. 1–5.
C. Yu, G. Yao et al., “Enhancing student engagement with ai-driven personalized learning systems,” International Transactions on Education Technology (ITEE), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2024.
J. Jayalath and V. Esichaikul, “Gamification to enhance motivation and engagement in blended elearning for technical and vocational education and training,” Technology, Knowledge and Learning, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 91–118, 2022.
F. Guay, “Applying self-determination theory to education: Regulations types, psychological needs, and autonomy supporting behaviors,” Canadian Journal of School Psychology, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 75–92, 2022.
OECD, “Curriculum flexibility and autonomy,” Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Tech. Rep., 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/curriculum-flexibility-and-autonomy eccbbac2-en.html
I. Kozlinska, A. Rebmann, and T. Mets, “Entrepreneurial competencies and employment status of business graduates: the role of experiential entrepreneurship pedagogy,” Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 724–761, 2023.
U. Venesaar, E. Malleus, G. Arro, and M. Toding, “Entrepreneurship competence model for supporting learners development at all educational levels,” Administrative Sciences, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 2, 2021.
P. A. Sunarya, N. Lutfiani, N. P. L. Santoso, R. A. Toyibah et al., “The importance of technology to the view of the qur’an for studying natural sciences,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 58–67, 2021.
A. Kanivia, H. Hilda, A. Adiwijaya, M. F. Fazri, S. Maulana, and M. Hardini, “The impact of information technology support on the use of e-learning systems at university,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 122–132, 2024.
J. Hamari, N. Xi, Z. Legaki, and B. Morschheuser, “Gamification,” in Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2023, p. 1105.
I. Bouchrika, N. Harrati, V. Wanick, and G. Wills, “Exploring the impact of gamification on student engagement and involvement with e-learning systems,” Interactive Learning Environments, vol. 29, no. 8, pp. 1244–1257, 2021.
D. A. Prabowo, C. Tariazela, and A. Birgithri, “An examination of the impact of using marketplaces to promote the growth of micro, small, and medium enterprises (msmes) in indonesia,” Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 26–33, 2024.
E. S. Rivera and C. L. P. Garden, “Gamification for student engagement: a framework,” Journal of further and higher education, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 999–1012, 2021.
A. N. Saleem, N. M. Noori, and F. Ozdamli, “Gamification applications in e-learning: A literature review,” Technology, Knowledge and Learning, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 139–159, 2022.
U. Rahardja, Q. Aini, F. P. Oganda, V. T. Devana et al., “Secure framework based on blockchain for e-learning during covid-19,” in 2021 9th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM). IEEE, 2021, pp. 1–7.
O. Y. Yuliana and Y. Palumian, “Gamification of learning management system improves students’ engagement, active learning and performance,” in 2023 14th International Conference on Information & Communication Technology and System (ICTS). IEEE, 2023, pp. 62–66.
K. Skritsovali, “Learning through playing: appreciating the role of gamification in business management education during and after the covid-19 pandemic,” Journal of Management Development, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 388–398, 2023.
M. Radif and O. M. Hameed, “Enhancing virtual learning environments: A strategic approach to gamifying learning management systems for increased engagement and competency,” Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, vol. 111, pp. 122–135, 2024.
S. Chinchua, T. Kantathanawat, and S. Tuntiwongwanich, “Increasing programming self-efficacy (pse) through a problem-based gamification digital learning ecosystem (dle) model.” Journal of Higher Education Theory & Practice, vol. 22, no. 9, 2022.
Y. Tao, Y. Meng, Z. Gao, and X. Yang, “Perceived teacher support, student engagement, and academic achievement: A meta-analysis,” Educational Psychology, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 401–420, 2022.
B. K. Bintaro, P. Sokibi, I. Amsyar, and Y. P. A. Sanjaya, “Utilizing digital marketing as a business strategy: Utilizing digital marketing as a business strategy,” Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 63–71, 2022.
T. Aprilia, A. R. Ardiansyah, and H. Riyanti, “The feasibility of interactive multimedia and online quiz based gamification on learning management system (lms) thematic learning courses,” Jurnal Prima Edukasia, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 120–133, 2023.
L. Meria, D. Prastyani, A. Dudhat et al., “The role of transformational leadership and self-efficacy on readiness to change through work engagement,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 77–88, 2022.
A. B. Fitra, A. Suharko, F. M. Albar, D. Apriliasari et al., “Examination of customer interest in the use of the mandiri syariah mobile application at pt. bank syariah mandiri bekasi branch office,” IAIC Transactions on Sustainable Digital Innovation (ITSDI), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 110–125, 2022.
C. Lukita, M. H. R. Chakim, R. Supriati, N. P. L. Santoso, and M. F. Kamil, “Exploration of perceived use of technology using a digital business perspective,” ADI Journal on Recent Innovation, vol. 5, no. 1Sp, pp. 87–96, 2023.
L. Chen, D. Ifenthaler, and J. Y.-K. Yau, “Online and blended entrepreneurship education: a systematic review of applied educational technologies,” Entrepreneurship education, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 191–232, 2021.
Authors
Copyright (c) 2025 Pratiwi Rachmadi, Robinson Situmorang, Moch. Sukardjo, Richardus Eko Indrajit, Elliana Gautama
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This journal permits and encourages authors to post items submitted to the journal on personal websites while providing bibliographic details that credit its publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted to post their work online in institutional/disciplinary repositories or on their own websites. Pre-print versions posted online should include a citation and link to the final published version in Journal of Librarianship and Scholarly Communication as soon as the issue is available; post-print versions (including the final publisher's PDF) should include a citation and link to the journal's website.