Exploring Servant Leadership and Intrapreneurship with Organizational Antecedents in Indonesian Schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34306/att.v6i3.467Keywords:
Servant Leadership, Intrapreneurship, IndonesiaAbstract
The applicability of the servant leadership concept is still growing, and researchers are currently exploring model development. On the other hand, since organizations need to innovate in order to adapt proactively to change and ensure sustainability, intrapreneurship becomes particularly important for the development of any organization, whether it is a business or a non-profit. Numerous studies have indicated that servant leadership can stimulate creative and innovative behaviors, which are essential aspects of intrapreneurship. However, the existing literature on servant leadership primarily focuses on leader characteristics, with limited knowledge about other influencing factors. This research uniquely explores organizational antecedents, addressing gaps in how servant leadership fosters intrapreneurship. This study aims to explore and identify the antecedents of servant leadership beyond individual characteristics. Participants in this study include principals from various Indonesian private schools. We conducted thorough interviews to gather data, and the transcripts from these interviews were meticulously analyzed to identify key themes. The interview data were analyzed using thematic coding, wherein recurring patterns and themes were identified through a systematic, iterative process. The analysis followed a six-phase framework for thematic analysis, starting with familiarization with the data, generating initial codes, searching for themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes, and finally producing the report. According to the results, potential variables for future research in servant leadership and intrapreneurship models include organizational vision and mission, satisfaction with compensation, serving culture, and the role model of the manager.
References
M. S. C. Kansil and A. F. Sujuti, “Understanding the concept of servant leadership in the digital age through keywords mapping,” Journal of Strategic and Global Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 5, 2024.
S. R. P. Junaedi, D. Edmond et al., “Successful digital marketing techniques for business development,” Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 19–25, 2024.
McKinsey, “What is leadership,” August 17 2022, from mckinsey.com. [Online]. Available: https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-leadership
D. Glener and J. Campbell, “Now is the time for servant leadership,” October 28 2021, from chieflearningofficer.com. [Online]. Available: https://www.chieflearningofficer.com/2021/10/28/ now-is-the-time-for-servant-leadership/
L.-Y. Huang, S.-M. Yang Lin, and Y.-J. Hsieh, “Cultivation of intrapreneurship: A framework and challenges,” Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 12, p. 731990, 2021.
A. Rizky, S. Silen, and D. A. Putra, “The role of blockchain technology in facing revolution education 4.0,” BEST Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology), vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 77–85, 2021.
U. Rahardja, N. Lutfiani, S. Sudaryono, and R. Rochmawati, “The strategy of enhancing employee reward using topsis method as a decision support system,” IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems), vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 387–396, 2020.
M. Hashemi, “Investigation of the relationship between servant leadership and intrapreneurship by the explanation of the role of organizational culture: The case of private banks.” Management & Marketing Journal, vol. 20, no. 1, 2022.
L. Meria, A. N. Bintoro, and D. Prastyani, “Peran ethical leadership dalam mengurangi stres kerja dan meningkatkan kualitas kinerja,” Technomedia Journal, vol. 7, no. 3 Februari, pp. 208–292, 2023.
A. Abudaqa, R. Alzahmi, M. F. Hilmi, and G. Ahmed, “How organisational leadership and strategic management helps in business excellence: moderating role of employees’ motivation in uae,” International Journal of Business Excellence, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 191–209, 2024.
Bilangan Research Center, M. P. K., “Brcmpk - tantangan dan solusi sekolah kristen di indonesia,” August 20 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.slideshare.net/FarrenAlexandro1/brcmpk-tantangan-dan-solusi-sekolah-kristen-di-indonesia-1pdf
F. Hern´andez-Perlines, A. Ariza-Montes, and C. Blanco-Gonz´alez-Tejero, “Intrapreneurship research: A comprehensive literature review,” Journal of business research, vol. 153, pp. 428–444, 2022.
S. Y. Khandro, “Independent final report,” The Ritsumeikan Academic Repository, 2020.
E. Nurninawati, R. Supriati, and A. Maulana, “Web-based e-learning application to support the teaching and learning process at genta syaputra senior high school,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 12–21, 2023.
A. Rizky, M. Z. Firli, N. A. Lindzani, S. Audiah, and L. Pasha, “Advanced cyber threat detection: Big data-driven ai solutions in complex networks,” CORISINTA, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 136–143, 2024.
S. Kosasi, I. D. A. E. Yuliani, U. Rahardja et al., “Boosting e-service quality of online product businesses through it leadership,” in 2022 International Conference on Science and Technology (ICOSTECH). IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–10.
A. A. Fernandez and G. P. Shaw, “Academic leadership in a time of crisis: The coronavirus and covid-19,” Journal of leadership Studies, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 39–45, 2020.
S. Wahyuningsih, A. Sutarman, I. N. Hikam et al., “Understanding purposeful leadership in entrepreneurial contexts: A bibliometric analysis,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 213–230, 2024.
M. Zarei, M. Supphellen, and R. P. Bagozzi, “Research streams, gaps and opportunities in servant leadership research,” Leadership & Organization Development Journal, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 251–264, 2024.
A. Saadaoui, A. Massouti, and M. Al-Rashaida, “Investigating the relationship between servant leadership in schools and teachers’ job satisfaction: a case from the united arab emirates,” International Journal of Leadership in Education, pp. 1–18, 2024.
R. Y. Purwanti, A. Sriatmi, and L. Dwiantoro, “The impact of servant leadership in nursing practice at the hospital: A literature review,” Journal of Holistic Nursing Science, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 82–88, 2023.
H. M. Jach, “Leadership implications for women in the nonprofit sector: The role of self-efficacy,” Ph.D. dissertation, Adler University, 2023.
P. Ruiz-Palomino, J. Linuesa-Langreo, and D. Elche, “Team-level servant leadership and team performance: The mediating roles of organizational citizenship behavior and internal social capital,” Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility, vol. 32, pp. 127–144, 2023.
P. Baena-Luna, I. S´anchez-Torn´e, K. Rodr´ıguez-Lo´aisiga, and E. Garc´ıa-R´ıo, “Intrapreneurial intentions of undergraduate university students: a comparative study between spanish and nicaraguan students,” International Journal of Education Economics and Development, vol. 15, no. 1-2, pp. 82–97, 2024.
J. G. Vargas-Hernandez, F. J. G. ´Avila, C. Rodriguez-Maillard, J. M. Barrientos-Luj`an, and O. C. Vargas-Gonz`alez, “Performance of entrepreneurship ecosystem activities,” in Entrepreneurship Innovation and Education for Performance Improvement. IGI Global, 2024, pp. 285–312.
C. Tsai, “How does subsidiary autonomy influence performance in the emerging economy: Different moderating effects of subsidiary entrepreneurship,” Entrepreneurship Research Journal, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1373–1400, 2024.
W. Ramadayanti and K. Kosasih, “The influence of financial performance on people’s business credit in banking companies for the period 2010-2019,” APTISI Transactions on Management, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 73–78, 2021.
H. S. Yarlagadda, S. Pampana, C. B. Nerella, and J. Vemuri, “A novel implementation of tableau software for the visualisation of seismic data from himalayan region,” in International Conference on Reliability, Safety, and Hazard. Springer, 2024, pp. 95–105.
I. C. Urcelay, M. J. P. Costa, and M. R. Blanco, “Comparativa del emprendimiento y el intraemprendimiento: Una visi´on actual,” Revista Venezolana de Gerencia: RVG, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 1194–1215, 2023.
L. Ramos L´opez, E. P. Borboa ´Alvarez, and S. Delhumeau Rivera, “Measurement of intrapreneurial behavior in mexican trade sector companies.” Journal of Business (20789424), vol. 13, no. 2, 2021.
I. Ajzen, P. Schmidt et al., “Changing behavior using the theory of planned behavior,” The handbook of behavior change, pp. 17–31, 2020.
G. N. M. Nata, S. Anthony, and P. P. Yudiastra, “Knowledge discovery and virtual tour to support touris promotion,” IAIC Transactions on Sustainable Digital Innovation (ITSDI), vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 94–106, 2021.
Y.-L. Chen and S.-J. Chen, “Looking at both sides of high-performance work systems and individual performance: A job demands- resources model,” Journal of Management & Organization, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 872–892, 2023.
M. R. Aulia, Z. Lubis, I. Effendi et al., “Leveraging quality management and partnership programs for technopreneurial success: Exploring their impact on msme performance,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 157–168, 2023.
M. Z. Fareed, Q. Su, and A. A. Awan, “The effect of emotional intelligence, intellectual intelligence and transformational leadership on project success; an empirical study of public projects of pakistan,” Project Leadership and Society, vol. 2, p. 100036, 2021.
Z. Ghalavı and N. Nastıezaıe, “Relationship of servant leadership and organizational citizenship behavior with mediation of psychological empowerment,” Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, vol. 20, no. 89, pp. 241–264, 2020.
P. Sithole, E. Zirolla, and S. Lowel, “Artificial intelligence in literacy libraries a review of the literature,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 58–63, 2024.
E. Sinha, “Towards an integrative framework of intrapreneurship by focusing on individual level competencies,” Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 106–163, 2021.
A. H. Arribathi, D. Supriyanti, E. Astriyani, and A. Rizky, “Peran teknologi informasi dalam pendidikan agama islam untuk menghadapi tantangan di era global dan generasi z,” Alfabet Jurnal Wawasan Agama Risalah Islamiah, Teknologi Dan Sosial, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 55–64, 2021.
P. M. Yang, “Servant leadership: The impact on employee job satisfaction in law enforcement,” Ph.D. dissertation, University of the Cumberlands, 2023.
O. S. ¨Ozkan, B. ¨Uz¨um, S. C¸ akan, M. G¨uzel, and Y. G¨ulbahar, “Exploring the outcomes of servant leadership under the mediating role of relational energy and the moderating role of other-focused interest," European Business Review, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 285–305, 2023.
K. Sultana, H. Aslam, S. A. Ali, and S. Afzal, “Spiritual leadership and citizenship behaviour: mediating role of professional moral courage,” Middle East Journal of Management, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 499–522, 2023.
B. Bhima, A. R. A. Zahra, T. Nurtino, and M. Z. Firli, “Enhancing organizational efficiency through the integration of artificial intelligence in management information systems,” APTISI Transactions on Management, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 282–289, 2023.
S. S. Mishra and M. H. Hassen, “Servant leadership and employee’s job performance: the role of public service motivation in ethiopian public sector organizations,” International Journal of Public Leadership, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 64–80, 2023.
M. Wahyudi, T. A. A. Sandi, W. Bismi, U. Rahardja, L. Pujiastuti et al., “Performance analysis of open shortest path first multiarea using virtual link method,” in 2023 11th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM). IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–5.
C. X. Wu and R. S. Snell, “Examining the follower-related antecedents and effects of servant leadership in the prc and hong kong,” Asia Pacific Business Review, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 140–171, 2024.
S. Almazrouei, S. Bani-Melhem, and F. M. Shamsudin, “How having job impact leads to employee innovative behavior: a moderated mediation model of servant leadership and work meaningfulness,” International Journal of Public Sector Management, vol. 36, no. 4/5, pp. 382–403, 2023.
S. Y. Ewe and H. H. P. Ho, “Psychological capabilities for salespeople’s sustainable work performance in financial services sector,” Journal of Financial Services Marketing, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 625–635, 2024.
Z. O. Alqhaiwi and T. Luu, “Workplace spirituality and service-oriented performance via work engagement in public organizations: the moderating role of service climate,” Public Management Review, pp. 1–28, 2024.
F. S. Putri, H. R. Ngemba, S. Hendra, and W. Wirdayanti, “Sistem layanan ujian psikotes sim menggunakan computer based test berbasis website: Sim psychological test service system using computer based test based on website,” Technomedia Journal, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 92–104, 2024.
F. Li, T. Chen, Y. Bai, R. C. Liden, M.-N. Wong, and Y. Qiao, “Serving while being energized (strained)? a dual-path model linking servant leadership to leader psychological strain and job performance.” Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 108, no. 4, p. 660, 2023.
A. Rizky, W. Athoilah, M. Zarkasih, F. M. Rafanjani, and A. Nursidi, “Implementasi teknologi blockchain untuk optimalisasi keamanan pengarsipan surat masuk dan keluar pada sebuah perusahaan,” BEST Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 452–457, 2022.
Z. Queen, A. Anjani, and A. G. Prawiyog, “Designing a digital business study program using lean startup methodology,” Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2024.
A. Kumara and S. S. Senguptab, “Servant leadership in action: A study on enhancing workplace spirituality in the indian banking sector,” Journal of Informatics Education and Research, vol. 3, no. 2, 2023.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Regi Sanjaya, Maria Merry Marianti, Brigita Meylianti Sulungbudi, Alexander Chou Kiboy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This journal permits and encourages authors to post items submitted to the journal on personal websites while providing bibliographic details that credit its publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted to post their work online in institutional/disciplinary repositories or on their own websites. Pre-print versions posted online should include a citation and link to the final published version in Journal of Librarianship and Scholarly Communication as soon as the issue is available; post-print versions (including the final publisher's PDF) should include a citation and link to the journal's website.